Jesus: From Gethsemane to the Cross

Rob and Vinnie walk through the Gospels and discuss the events of Jesus' last night from the time they head to the garden to the crucifixion of Jesus. (See notes below)

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Jesus predicts Peter’s denial Matt 26:31-35; Mark 14:27-31; Luke 22:31-34; John 13:36-38

Jesus and the disciples leave the upper room and travel to Gethsemane 9:00pm?

Arrive at the Garden of Gethsemane Matt 26:36-46; Mark 14:32-42; Luke 22:39-46

1. Asks the disciples to wait Matt 26:36
2. Takes Peter, James and John to a separate place Matt 26:37

1. Prays his High Priestly prayer: John 17
2. Tells the disciples that He is filled with sorrow Matt 26:38
3. Jesus goes a little farther Matt 26:39: Prays, “may this cup be taken from me.  Yet, not as I will, but as you will”
4. Returns to find the disciples sleeping Matt 26:40, 41
5. Again He goes and prays: “If it is not possible . . . may your will be done” Matt 26:42
6. Returns to find the disciples sleeping again: “Their eyes were heavy” Matt 26:43; “Exhausted from sorrow” Luke 22:45
7. Again Jesus goes off to pray Matt 26:44: Again He returns and they are sleeping Matt 26:45-46

Jesus is Arrested 12:00am?

1. Judas with Jewish and Roman authorities John 18:2, 3

1. Jesus asks, “who is it you want?” “Jesus of Nazareth” they reply John 18:4, 5
2. Judas identifies Jesus with a kiss Matt 26:48

1. Peter cuts off Malchus’ ear (servant of the High Priest) John 18:10

• Disciples flee Mark 14:50

Friday

Jesus appears before the Jewish leaders 1:00am?

1. Informal hearing before Annas (ex-High Priest and father-in-law of current High Priest Caiaphas) John 18:12-14, 19-23

1. Jesus is struck in the face John 18:22

1. More formal trial before Caiaphas Matt 26:57-68; Mark 14:53-65; Luke 22:54; John 18:24, 28

1. Peter followed at a distance and was able to enter the courtyard because John knew the servant girl at the door John 18:15, 16
2. Authorities cannot agree on any legitimate charge Mark 14:56; Many false witnesses; but none are in agreement Matt 26:59, 60

1. Closest they could come was that Jesus had said that he would destroy the Temple Matt 26:61;

1. Jesus remains silent Matt 26:63
2. Caiaphas questions him directly, “I charge you under oath by the living God: Tell us if you are the Christ, the Son of God” Matt 26:63

1. Jesus replies; “You said it” or “You say that I am” Matt 26:64
2. Then He adds; “you will see the Son of Man . . . coming on the clouds of Heaven” Matt 26:64 (Dan 7:13; Ps 110:1)

1. High Priest tore his clothes and says, “He has spoken blasphemy” Matt 26:65
2. Charged with blasphemy, spit on and struck in the face: “Prophesy to us, Christ, who hit you?” Matt 26:66-68  (cf   . Isaiah 11:2)

Jesus appears before the Sanhedrin for a more formal trial 6:00am? Matt 27:1-2; Mark 15:1; Luke 22:66-71

1. They question Jesus again: “are you the Christ?” Luke 22:67
2. Jesus replies, “If I tell you, you will not believe me”
3. They ask Him again: “Are you then the Son of God” Luke 22:70
4. Jesus obliges anyway and responds; “You are right in saying that I am”

Jesus appears before the Romans 7:00am?

1. Jesus brought into the Palace (Jews could not enter because they would be defiled for the duration of the day; and thus, would be unable to eat the noontime meal “chagigah” John 18:28) and is questioned by Pilate
2. Pilate wants to know what the charges are against Him John 18:29

1. Jews appear to be alarmed that Pilate would even ask; and they exclaim “if he were not a criminal we would not have handed him over to you” John 18:30
2. “Take him yourselves” John 18:31
3. “But we have no right to execute anyone”

• Pilate enters and begins to question Jesus

1. “Are you the King of the Jews” John 18:33
2. Jesus replies that His kingdom is not of this world John 18:36
3. “You are a king then?” queries Pilate John 18:37
4. “You say that I am” John 18:37; Luke 23:3

1. Pilate goes out to the Jews and explains that he finds no basis for a charge John 18:38; Luke 23:4

1. Jews are not content with this and bring up charges against Jesus Luke 23:5
2. Pilate learns that Jesus is from Galilee and sends Him over to Herod Luke 23:6, 7

1. Jesus is question by Herod (who wanted to see a miracle) Luke 23:8

1. Jesus gave no answer Luke 23:9
2. Herod and his soldiers ridiculed and mocked Him and dressed Him in a white robe Luke 23:11

1. Jesus sent back to Pilate

1. Jews accuse Jesus of many things; but Jesus refuses to reply Matt 27:12-14
2. Pilate offers the Jews a release of a prisoner of choice: Matt 27:15-18

1. Barabbas (Jesus Barabbas? means: ‘a son of a father’ ) an insurrectionist and a murderer Mark 15:7 or;
2. Jesus: (The Son of the Father)

1. Pilate’s wife warns him not to have anything to do with Him Matt 27:19
2. Pilate asks what he is to do with Jesus Matt 27:22
3. “Crucify, Crucify” Luke 23:21
4. Pilate asks, “why? What crime has He committed?” Luke 23:22

VII .   Pilate goes into the palace

1. Pilate has Jesus flogged; given a crown of thorns; a purple robe; they “hail” Him as “King of the Jews”; they struck Him on the face; spit on Him; hit Him with their staff; and paid homage to Him John 19:1-3; Mark 15:17-20

• Pilate comes out to the Jews with a despicable looking Christ

1. “Here is the man” John 19:5
2. “Crucify, Crucify” John 19:6
3. Pilate responds, “I find no basis for a charge” John 19:6
4. Jews insist Jesus must die according to their law John 19:7

• Pilate and Jesus go back into the palace

1. Pilate asks Jesus some questions John 19:9
2. Jesus refuses to answer John 19:10
3. “Don’t you realize that I have power either to free you or to crucify you” John 19:10
4. Jesus explains, “you would have no power over me if it were not given to you from above” John 19:11

1. Pilate again goes out to the Jews

1. Pilate tries to get Jesus freed John 19:12
2. Jews refuse to compromise Luke 23:23; John 19:12 
3. Pilate washes his hands and claims, “I am innocent of this man’s blood” Matt 27:24

1. Jesus brought outside to the Stone Pavement (Gabbatha): almost 12:00p.m. John 19:13,14

1. Pilate proclaims, “Here is your King” John 19:14
2. “Crucify Him” John 19:15
3. “Shall I crucify your King?” John 19:15
4. Chief Priest responds, “We have no king but Caesar” John 19:15

Jesus handed over to be crucified c.12:00pm

1. Jesus is flogged Matt 27:26; Mark 15:15

1. Flogging: Roman Flagrum: whip of braided leather tongs with metal balls and bone woven in: Balls: deep bruises and contusions: Bones: severely cut flesh

1. Jesus begins journey to Golgotha Matt 27:32; Mark 15:21; Luke 23:26; John 19:17

1. Unable to carry cross: Simon of Cyrene
2. Women followed Luke 23:27-31
3. Hurled insults Matt 27:39-44 (Ps 22:7)

• Place of Crucifixion is Golgotha (Aramaic for ‘place of the Skull’; Latin: Calvary) Matt 27:32-56; Mark 15:21-41; Luke 23:32-49; John 19:17-37

1. Sign above Christ’s head: “Jesus of Nazareth, the King of the Jews” John 19:19
2. 2 Criminals; one on each side
3. Nailed to the crossbar (Ps 22:16)

1. Nails- 5 to 7 in. with a sharp point
2. Through the wrist: inch below the palm
3. Through the feet

1. Arms stretched approximately 6 in.: dislocate the shoulders (Ps 22:14)
2. Jesus is offered a mild sedative (wine and myrrh) which he refuses Mark 15:23
3. Cast lots for his garments Mark 15:24 (Ps 22:18)

1. 7 Last Words of Christ

1. Luke 23:34: “Father forgive them; for they do not know what they are doing”
2. Luke 23:43: “Today you will be with me in Paradise” Luke 23:39-43
3. John 19:27: “Woman, behold your son.” “Behold, your mother”
4. Mark 15:34 “My God, My God, why hast thou forsaken me?” (Ps 22:1)
5. John 19:28: “I am Thirsty” (Ps 69:21)
6. John 19:30: “It is finished”
7. Luke 23:46: Father, into thy hands I commit my spirit” (Ps 31:5)